Research: Andrew Goodwin's theory

Andrew Goodwin feel's that traditional narrative analyses using such ideas as propp/todorov don't apply to pop videos.
The reasons he gives are these:

1. pop videos are built around songs and do not follow tradition narrative structures( normality-problem-resolution)
2. the pop video uses the singer both as narrator and as a character
3. the singer often looks directly at the camera

He feels as if there are three type of relations between songs and videos.

1. Illustration- where the video tells the story of the lyric "Pap don't preach" (Madonna). Dance is used to express feelings.
2. Amplification: occurs when the videos introduce new meanings that do not contradict with the lyrics but add layers of meaning.
3. Disjuncture: where there is little connection between the lyric and video. 

Examples:

Illustration:

This is one example we looked at in class. Although it shows the singer both as a narrator and as a character, the lyrics also tell the story and what is going on in the video.

Amplification:

Disjuncture: